Details concerning mail aliases may be found in
Details concerning mail aliases may be found in the aliases(5) manual page. A sample aliases file is shown in Example 18-4. Example 18-4. Sample aliases File # # The following two aliases must be present to be RFC-compliant. # It is important to resolve them to ‘a person’ who reads mail routinely. # postmaster: root # required entry MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster # required entry # # # demonstrate the common types of aliases # usenet: janet # alias for a person admin: joe,janet # alias for several people newspak-users: :include:/usr/lib/lists/newspak # read recipients from file changefeed: |/usr/local/lib/gup # alias that invokes program complaints: /var/log/complaints # alias writes mail to file # Whenever you update the /etc/aliases file, be sure to run the command: # /usr/bin/newaliases to rebuild the database that sendmail uses internally. The /usr/bin/newaliases command is a symbolic link to the sendmail executable, and when invoked this way, behaves exactly as though it were invoked as: # /usr/lib/sendmail -bi The newaliases command is an alternative and more convenient way to do this. Using a Smart Host Sometimes a host finds mail that it is unable to deliver directly to the desired remote host. It is often convenient to have a single host on a network take on the role of managing transmission of mail to remote hosts that are difficult to reach, rather than have each local host try to do this independently. There are a few good reasons to have a single host take on mail management. You can simplify management by having only one host with a comprehensive mail configuration that knows how to handle all of the different mail transport types, such as UUCP, Usenet, etc. All other hosts need only a single tranport protocol to send their mail to this central host. Hosts that fill this central mail routing and forwarding role are called smart hosts. If you have a smart host that will accept mail from you, you can send it mail of any sort and it will manage the routing and transmission of that mail to the desired remote destinations. Another good application for smart host configurations is to manage transmission of mail across a private firewall. An organization may elect to install a private IP network and use their own, unregistered IP addresses. The private network may be connected to the Internet through a firewall. Sending mail to and from hosts in the private network to the outside world using SMTP would not be possible in a conventional configuration because the hosts are not able to accept or establish direct network connections to hosts on the Internet. Instead, the organization could elect to have the firewall provide a mail smart host function. The smart host running on the
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